Should arboviruses be the only diagnosis hypothesis in pregnant women in endemic areas presenting with a rash?

Abstract Listeria is an unusual pathogen that causes neonatal infection with high morbidity and mortality. We present the case of a premature newborn whose mother had a rash during pregnancy; the newborn had severe early sepsis because of Listeria monocytogenes and histopathologically suggestive findings of the placenta. Obstetricians and neonatologists should suspect listeriosis in cases with compatible epidemiological history, clinical features, and examination findings of the placenta.

Distribución de serotipos de Listeria monocytogenes aislados de alimentos, Colombia, 2000-2009 / Distribution of Listeria monocytogenes serotypes isolated from foods, Colombia, 2000-2009

Introducción. Listeria monocytogenes es un patógeno facultativo intracelular, oportunista, causante de graves infecciones en humanos, como meningitis, encefalitis y bacteriemias; también, es causa de abortos. Los alimentos actúan como medio de transporte para infectar al huésped. La serotipificación ha discriminado trece serotipos: 1/2a,1/2b, 1/2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4ab, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 7. El 4b es causante de la mayoría de listeriosis en el mundo. Objetivo. Determinar la frecuencia en Colombia de los serotipos de L. monocytogenes aislados de alimentos, durante los años 2000-2009. Materiales y métodos. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo. Se analizaron 1.599 aislamientos, los cuales fueron confirmados como L. monocytogenes y otras especies de Listeria, con pruebas bioquímicas recomendadas por la Food and Drug Administration (Estados unidos) y utilización del sistema bioquímico api Listeria Biomérieux,serotipificadas con la metodología de Seeliger y Höhne. Resultados. De los 1.599 aislamientos, 1.424 fueron confirmados como L. monocytogenes. Los serotipos encontrados fueron: 1/2a con 135 (9,5 %); 1/2b, 154 (10,8 %); 1/2c, 68 (4,8 %); 3a, 4 (0,3 %); 3b, 29 (2,0 %); 3c,2 (0,1 %); 4a, 44 (3,1 %); 4b, 820 (57,6 %); 4c, 6 (0,4 %); 4d- 4e, 140 (9,8 %); 4e, 17 (1,2 %); 7, 2 (0,1 %); y tres no serotipificables, (0,2 %). Los aislamientos procedían principalmente de Bogotá, 1.035 (73 %); de Antioquia, 199 (14 %); de Nariño, 109 (8 %); del Valle del Cauca, 50 (3,5 %), y de otros departamentos, 33 (2,3 %). Conclusión. En los aislamientos analizados, 1.424 (89 %) correspondieron a L. monocytogenes, presentando una buena calidad en el aislamiento e identificación; la mayoría de estos aislamientos pertenecían al serotipo 4b, 820 (57,6 %), serotipo muy virulento. Se recomienda la vigilancia obligatoria de este microorganismo.

Introduction. Listeria monocytogenes is an intracellular, opportunistic pathogen which can cause severe infections such as meningitis, encephalitis and bacteremia. It can also cause abortions in human beings. Foods are the vehicle for infection of the host. Serotypification has discriminated 13 serotypes: 1/2a,1/2b, 1/2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4ab, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 7. 4b is the cause of the majority of cases of listeriosis in the world. Objective. The frequency of serotypes of L. monocytogenes was determined in bacteria isolated from foods in Colombia. Materials and methods. The study is descriptive and retrospective. Over a 10-year period, 2000-2009, 1,599 isolates were examined. All were confirmed as Listeria monocytogenes and other strains of Listeria, using biochemical tests recommended by the Food and Drug Administration (USA) and API Listeria and serotyped using the Seeliger and Höhne method. Results. Of the 1,599 isolates, 1,424 were confirmed as L. monocytogenes. Serotypes identified were: 1/2a, 135 (9.5%); 1/2b, 154 (10.8%); 1/2c, 68 (4.8%); 3a, 4 (0.3%); 3b, 29 (2.0%); 3c, 2 (0.1%); 4a, 44 (3.1%); 4b, 820 (57.6%); 4c, 6 (0.4%); 4d- 4e, 140 (9.8%); 4e, 17 (1.2%); 7, 2 (0.1%); not susceptible of serotypification, three cases, (0.2%). Isolates came mainly from the Capital District of Bogotá, 1,035 (73%); from Antioquia 199 (14%), from Nariño, 109 (8%); from Valle del Cauca 50 (3,5%) and from other provinces 33 (2.3%). Conclusion. Of the analyzed isolates, 1,424 (89%) belonged to L. monocytogenes, showing a good quality in isolation and identification. Most of these isolates belonged to serotype 4b, 820 (57.6%), a highly virulent serotype. Obligatory surveillance of this microorganism is recommended.

Species and serovars of the genus Listeria isolated from different sources in Brazil from 1971 to 1997

Using phenotype techniques, characterization was made to species and serovar of 3,112 strains of Listeria, isolated from different sources of infection such as human (247-7.9 percent) and animals (239-7.6 percent), as well as from various routes of infection, including food (2,330-74.8 percent) and environmental constituents (296-9.5 percent), all coming from different regions of the country and collected during the period 1971-1997. The following species were recovered in the cultures analysed: L. monocytogenes (774-24.8 percent), L. innocua (2,269-72.9 percent), L. seeligeri (37-1.1 percent), L. welshimeri (22-0.7 percent), L. grayi (9-0.2 percent), and L. ivanovii (1-0.03 percent). L. monocytogenes was represented by ten serovars, the most prevalent being 4b (352-11.3 percent), 1/2a (162-5.2 percent), and 1/2b (148-4.7 percent). The predominant serovar in L. innocua was 6a (2,093-67.2 percent). Considerations about laboratory methods for diagnosis and epidemiological aspects are presented on the basis of the results obtained.

Contribuiçäo ao estudo epidemiológico da listeriose, como zoonose de causa alimentar / Contribution to epidemiological study of listeria infections as zoonosis by food cause

A bibliografic research was made in the last twenty years with the objective of identifying the available data published in the, technical and scientific literature about the biological, medical, health and epidemiological makeup of the Listeria monocytogenes and listeriosis. This research aims to demonstrate the importance and the inner-matters with involve the listeriosis such as zoonotic foodborne disease. Scientific aspects as well as of thechnical and administrative nature were aproached. The author's conclusions portray the listeriosis as a warring and emerging health problem at a large escale. The knowledge of this disease is dimmed by the eiologic agent and diagnosis. The transmition by food supplied by animal resources is highlighted some precautions be prescribed to the population in order to minimize the occurrence and consequences among the people.